The story of the origin may be true (the XP folks came from smalltalk which is more or less dynamic) but it doesn’t mean that it’s useless in a language with static types. A type system can prove the absence of certain wrong behaviors, but it can’t prove the presence of a correct one. Of course in the absolute definition of “prove”, tests won’t do that either, but they do at least provide some assurances against regressions when you refactor code.
Regression tests have always been a major part of QA, and it’s just a consequence of the fact that dev machines have gotten so much more powerful that we can now write them preemptively, and run them with the push of a button.